Montana (/ m n t n / ()) is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States.It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan to the north. 1 bed. View Montana Towns By Population. Still, the state's most important eastwest travel corridor, the route is today served by Interstate 90 and Interstate 94 which roughly follow the same route as the Northern Pacific. The constitution requires the establishment of a Montana Supreme Court and Montana District Courts, and permits the legislature to establish Justice Courts, City Courts, Municipal Courts, and other inferior courts such as the legislature sees fit to establish. Note: Births in table do not add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. [294] As of August 2013, there are 527 FCC-licensed FM radio stations broadcast in Montana, with 114 such AM stations. [130] From this point, it then flows generally east through fairly flat agricultural land and the Missouri Breaks to Fort Peck reservoir. Area 147,040 square miles (380,832 square km). Impact. [315], Montana has three branches of state government: legislative, executive, and judicial. In the reapportionment following the 1990 census, Montana lost one of its House seats. New - 6 hours ago. However, in August 2007, Senator Jon Tester asked that a submarine be christened USS Montana. Montana and Canada share a 545-mile part of the worlds longest undefended (which means there are no soldiers or armies on either side) border. To Hon. Other pacifists tended to be those from "peace churches" who generally opposed war. Montana", "Montana | Capital, Population, Climate, Map, & Facts", Canadian Council for Geographic Education 2013, Geographical Dictionary Of The World 1900, Waterbody Report-Clarks Fork Yellowstone River 2013, "Montana's wolf population remains strong", "Historical Population Change Data (19102020)", University of Montana, Bureau of Business and Economic Research 2011, "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Montana; United States", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Montana - Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", Census Bureau-Annual Estimates of Race 2012, Montana Office of Public Instruction 2009, "Montana Constitution, Article X, section 1", "Montana Schools Try to Keep Indian Students Engaged by Teaching Indian Culture to All", "National Vital Statistics Reports Volume 64, Number 1, January 15, 2015", "National Vital Statistics Reports, Volume 64, Number 12, December 23, 2015 (The general fertility rate for 2014 on page 4 was corrected to read 62.9 on December 23, 2015. [45] Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak",[50] was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business", or "unprepared",[51] most of these new settlers had farming experience, though many did not.[52]. In late 1962, missiles assigned to the 341st Strategic Missile Wing played a major role in the Cuban Missile Crisis. Indigenous peoples in the region were also decimated by diseases introduced by fur traders to which they had no immunity. Glendive, Great Falls, Havre City, Lewis Town, and Miles City are located east of the Continental Divide and experience a semi-arid steppe climate. [11], The name was changed by representatives Henry Wilson (Massachusetts) and Benjamin F. Harding (Oregon), who complained that Montana had "no meaning". Ninety percent of its language came from an 1884 constitution which was never acted upon by Congress for national political reasons. [33][34] The Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site in Deer Lodge is maintained today as a link to the ranching style of the late 19th century. Its rivers feed the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay. The first schools were subscription schools that typically met in the teacher's home. It also applies to "luxuries"- defined by law as any item normally sold to the public or to transient visitors or tourists that does not include food purchased unprepared or unserved, medicine, medical supplies and services, appliances, hardware supplies and tools, or any necessities of life. Montana is the sixth coldest state in the nation and the eastern section of big sky country sees the chilliest winter temps. [280], Snowmobiling is popular in Montana, which boasts over 4,000 miles of trails and frozen lakes available in winter. On November 8, 1889, President Benjamin Harrison proclaimed Montana the union's 41st state. The legislature increased the number of justices to five in 1919. [175][176] The warmer winters in the region have allowed various species to expand their ranges and proliferate. [12] Other names, such as Shoshone, were suggested, but the Committee on Territories decided that they had discretion to choose the name, so the original name of Montana was adopted. To become a certified teacher, Raymond took a test in her home and paid a $6 fee in gold dust to obtain a teaching certificate. [212] The state was sued in 2004 because of lack of funding, and the state has increased its support of the program. Subsequent to and particularly in the decades following the Lewis and Clark Expedition, European, Canadian and American traders operated a fur trade, trading with indigenous peoples, in both eastern and western portions of what would become Montana. [222] Also, 15,438 (1.7% of the state population) were speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1%) were speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4%) were speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Its size is comparable to countries such as Norway, Zimbabwe, and Japan. [316] It is an equitable distribution and no-fault divorce state. [290] In the reapportionment following the 2020 census, Montana regained a House seat, increasing the state's number of representatives in the House to two after a thirty-year break, starting from 2023.[318]. This act brought mostly cattle and sheep ranchers into Montana, many of whom grazed their herds on the Montana prairie for three years, did little to irrigate the land and then abandoned it without paying the final fees. With the help of an assistant teacher, Mrs. Farley,[243] Raymond was responsible for teaching 50 to 60 students each day out of the 81 students enrolled at the school. This is a broad outline history of the state of Montana in the United States . [77] Most of Montana's hundred or more named mountain ranges are in the state's western half, most of which is geologically and geographically part of the northern Rocky Mountains. There is a Youth Court in every judicial district, and decisions of the Youth Court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. [14][15] The trading post Fort Raymond (18071811) was constructed in Crow Indian country in 1807. [229], As of 2020[update], the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis estimated Montana's state product was $51.91 billion (47th in the nation) and per capita personal income was $41,280 (37th in the nation)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Personal Income for Montana". [13], As part of the Missouri River watershed, all of the land in Montana east of the Continental Divide was part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. [221] Spanish is the language next most commonly spoken at home, with about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4% of the population) in 2011. Discover miles of inspiration here, and find out for yourself. At the state level, the pattern of split-ticket voting and divided government holds. Montana has many mountains in the western half of the state. [240] The Montana Territorial Legislative Assembly had its inaugural meeting in 1864. Routes 87, 89, 93 and 191. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. A second constitutional convention held in Helena in 1884 produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. Montana Old West Ghost Towns Private VIP Tour - From West Yellowstone MT 2 Bus Tours from $350.00 per adult Indy 650 Snowmobile Rental 7 Rentals from $199.00 per group (up to 2) Combo: Scenic Drive & 2hr Snowshoeing Tour in Glacier National Park 2 Adventure Tours from $375.00 per adult (price varies by group size) Top Attractions in Montana See all Montana Territory became one of the territories of the United States on May 26, 1864. [167] Low clouds and fog often form in the valleys west of the divide in winter, but this is rarely seen in the east. Its capital is Helena. The president signed and issued the proclamation declaring Montana a state of the union at 10:40 o'clock this morning. Montana currently has 129 active incorporated municipalities, of which 76 are towns, 51 are cities and 2 are consolidated city and county governments. Essential Montana Stay A mix of the charming, modern, and tried and true. District Courts have jurisdiction primarily over most civil cases, cases involving a monetary claim against the state, felony criminal cases, probate, and cases at law and in equity. Montana: Directed by Jennifer Leitzes. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Browse by Montana counties. Eight smaller communities have airports designated for commercial service under the Essential Air Service program.[302]. Among Montana's most historically prominent senators are Thomas J. Walsh (serving from 1913 to 1933), who was President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt's choice for attorney general when he died; Burton K. Wheeler (serving from 1923 to 1947), an oft-mentioned presidential candidate and strong supporter of isolationism; Mike Mansfield, the longest-serving Senate majority leader in U.S. history; Max Baucus (served 1978 to 2014), longest-serving U.S. senator in Montana history, and the senator who shepherded the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act through the Senate in 2010; and Lee Metcalf (served 1961 to 1978), a pioneer of the environmental movement. In general, the grizzly bear and Canadian lynx are not threatened species; the IUCN lists both as "least concern". Voters turned down a new convention in 1990 (84 percent no)[314] and again in 2010 (58.6 percent no). network. Montana is a state in the United States. The 38th Annual Montana Aviation Conference will be held at the Billings Hotel and Convention Center located at 1223 Mullowney Lane, Billngs, Montana 59101. All of Montana's four-year colleges and universities field intercollegiate sports teams. In addition, Amtrak's Empire Builder train runs through the north of the state, stopping in Libby, Whitefish, West Glacier, Essex, East Glacier Park, Browning, Cut Bank, Shelby, Havre, Malta, Glasgow, and Wolf Point. [21] The Montana Historical Society, founded on February 2, 1865, in Virginia City, is the oldest such institution west of the Mississippi (excluding Louisiana). East and north of this transition zone are the expansive and sparsely populated Northern Plains, with tableland prairies, smaller island mountain ranges, and badlands. [46] In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. All members are limited to serving no more than eight years in a single 16-year period. They say it will stay with you forever. Classes were taught by Mr. [177] The combination of warmer weather, attack by beetles, and mismanagement has led to a substantial increase in the severity of forest fires in Montana. This extremely disproportionate ratio of residents paying taxes vs. non-residents using state-funded services and infrastructure makes Montana's resort tax crucial in order to safely maintain heavily used roads and highways, as well as protect and preserve state parks. A 1974 state severance tax on coal (which varied from 20 to 30%) was upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States in Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana, 453 U.S. 609 (1981). Native survivors who had signed treaties were generally required to move onto reservations. Population (2020) 1,084,225. [131] The Missouri enters North Dakota near Fort Union,[132] having drained more than half the land area of Montana (82,000 square miles (210,000km2)). The geographic center of population of Montana is in sparsely populated Meagher County, in the town of White Sulphur Springs. [313], The 1972 constitution requires that voters determine every 20 years whether to hold a new constitutional convention. 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